With about 92% of polling station reports counted, official electoral data showed the pro-EU Party of Action and Solidarity leading with 46.6% of the vote, while the pro-Russian Patriotic Electoral Bloc has 26.6%. The Russia-friendly Alternativa Bloc stood at 8.6% and the populist Our Party — which wants “balanced foreign policy” between East and West — has 6.3%. The right-wing Democracy at Home party has 5.7%.
The election day was marked by a string of incidents, ranging from bomb threats at multiple polling stations abroad to cyberattacks on electoral and government infrastructure, voters photographing their ballots and some being illegally transported to polling stations. Police also detained three people suspected of plotting to cause unrest after the vote.
The pivotal vote will elect a new 101-seat parliament, after which Moldova’s president nominates a prime minister, generally from the leading party or bloc, which can then try to form a new government. A proposed government needs parliamentary approval.
When polls closed locally at 9 p.m. (1800 GMT) on Sunday, the Central Electoral Commission reported that more than 1.59 million, or about 51.9% of eligible voters had cast ballots. Some 276,000 Moldovans have voted in polling stations set up abroad, which will remain open until 7 p.m. in their respective countries. In the 2021 parliamentary election, turnout was just over 48%.
Moldova’s large diaspora will likely play a decisive role in the final outcome. In last year’s presidential runoff — which was also viewed as a choice between East and West — a record number of 327,000 voters cast ballots abroad, more than 82% of whom favored Moldova’s pro-Western President Maia Sandu.
Sunday’s high-stakes ballot was to some extent a litmus test for the Moldovan authorities in countering what they have long alleged is a massive “hybrid war” conducted by Russia, which they accused of spending “hundreds of millions” of euros to try to seize power in Moldova and ultimately derail the country’s EU path.
Claims Russia attempted to ‘hijack’ the vote
Igor Grosu, the leader of Party of Action and Solidarity, said after polls closed that “Russia’s attempts to hijack the electoral process have been huge” and that state institutions made efforts to ensure the security and integrity of the voting.
“The consequences of this intervention are hard to estimate at this hour,” he said. “We are waiting for the election results. We pray for patience and calm.”
Moldova is landlocked between Ukraine and EU member Romania. The country of about 2.5 million people has spent recent years on a westward path and gained candidate status to the EU in 2022, shortly after Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Tensions between Russia and Moldova, a Soviet republic until 1991, skyrocketed.
After casting her ballot on Sunday, Sandu reiterated long-held claims that Russia “massively interfered” in the election, saying she voted “to keep the peace” and insisted her country’s future lies within the EU.
Long-alleged Russian interference fears
The alleged Russian strategies include a large-scale vote-buying operation, cyberattacks, a plan to incite mass riots around the election and a sprawling disinformation campaign online to diminish support for the pro-European ruling party and sway voters toward Moscow-friendly ones.
Just before the vote, police carried out hundreds of raids, detaining scores of people allegedly trained in Serbia to cause “mass riots” and destabilize the country around the critical election.
Russia has repeatedly denied meddling in Moldova and dismissed the allegations last week as “anti-Russian” and “unsubstantiated.”
But on Sunday, Moldovan police said they have information about “groups of people” planning to cause unrest from around midnight and on Monday during a protest in Chisinau, to create “disorder and destabilization.”
Igor Dodon, a former president and a member of the pro-Russian Patriotic Electoral Bloc, called for a protest in front of the Parliament building on Monday, and later alleged after polls closed that the pro-Western ruling party “is now in panic and is considering various pretexts, excuses and scenarios that go beyond the law and democratic norms.”
Shortly before polls closed, police detained three people suspected of being from the security services in Moldova’s pro-Russian breakaway region of Transnistria, who were allegedly planning to cause “mass destabilizations and disorder” after the election.
“They are alleged leaders responsible for coordinating, monitoring and logistically supplying the groups,” police said, adding that they found pyrotechnics and flammable materials the suspects intended on using to cause panic and chaos.
Multiple incidents on election day
But there were many more allegations of irregularities as Moldovans cast their ballots.
Moldova's Ministry of Foreign Affairs said bomb threats had targeted polling stations set up in several cities abroad, which stopped people from voting for up to two hours in some cases. Moldova’s Information Technology and Cyber Security Service said that cyberattacks had targeted electoral infrastructure and government cloud services, but were swiftly dealt with.
Sandu said in a Facebook address as the vote was underway that the authorities also had multiple reports of voters being illegally transported to polling stations abroad, “obviously in exchange for money,” and cases of blank ballots being removed from polling stations so they could later “be reintroduced already stamped.”
Promo-Lex, a nongovernmental organization monitoring the vote, said in a report a few hours before polls closed that it had confirmed more than 300 incidents, ranging from unauthorized persons at polling stations to scores of people photographing or filming their ballots.
Voter concerns may have diminished pro-EU camp
As the country has lurched from crisis to crisis, Moldovans have faced rampant inflation, instability from the war next door, increasing costs of living and high poverty rates, all which may have diminished support for the pro-European ruling party that Sandu founded in 2016.
Economist Cristian Iftodi, who was born after Moldova's independence, said the election was the “most important” in the country's history.
“I truly believe that Moldova, although it’s a very small country, plays a really important role for the EU," Iftodi said. "Because I think the EU can be more united if they win this battle against Russia.”
For Igor Mihailov, a 26-year-old student from Chisinau, the main priority “is for our government to be for us, not for their own interests, to be for the people.”